Jones and Bartlett Firefighter 1 Practice Exam

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• A rabbit tool's function is to:
• How many gallons of water do fire department tankers usually carry?
• The four major lock categories are: padlocks, mortise locks, rim locks, and?
• What is another term for proteins?
• What is a drawback of the two-person seat carry?
• In the two-part marking system for indicating which rooms have been searched, which symbol means a search is complete?
• What is the term for the mechanical locking devices used to secure the extended fly section(s) of an extension ladder?
• What does the 'squeeze' in PASS refer to?
• Which of the following is an essential skill for a firefighter?
• What does depositing the personnel accountability passport with the entry officer or command post indicate?
• Portable monitors, deck guns, and ladder pipes are examples of what type of equipment?
• Which fog-stream nozzle has a flow of between 90 and 225 gpm?
• Which fire behavior is characterized by a rapid increase in heat and the sudden onset of fire?
• Which type of company includes such units as medical and ambulances or first-response vehicles, and responds to medical or trauma patients?
• Which type of ladder can be converted from a straight ladder to an A-frame configuration?
• What should firefighters rely on for the ability to apply the same skills routinely and consistently at every emergency incident?
• Fire extinguishers are rated for their ability to control a specific type of fire and:
• What is the primary function of a fire hose clamp?
• What is the relationship, if any, between dry powder and dry chemical extinguishing agents?
• What is the melting point of a material often referred to as?
• What is the running end of a rope used for?
• What is the primary use of a hose bed on a fire engine?
• Which tool is best for cutting through metal roofing in a structure fire?
• Where should additional equipment be staged during a high-rise fire?
• When operating at a fire scene, what is the role of the incident commander?
• What should be the minimum distance maintained from an aerial ladder while it is in operation?
• What happens if a dry-barrel hydrant is opened only part way?
• What is the first step in forcible entry?
• What is a common hazard of fires in modern construction?
• What is the main purpose of horizontal ventilation during a firefighting operation?
• About how many firefighters are there in the United States, according to the NFPA?
• What should be done if a firefighter needs to leave the incident site?
• What is an essential characteristic of a fire department's standard operating procedures (SOPs)?
• Where in the rank structure do assistant chiefs fall?
• What is the function of a fire anchor point in wildland firefighting?
• How should firefighters approach a scene where forced entry might be needed?
• During a search and rescue operation, which factor is crucial for maintaining firefighter safety?
• If a Type V building is not balloon-frame, which framing system is it?
• As electricity flows through a wire, what is the relationship between the resistance in the wire and the heat produced by the current?
• When entering a fire building, who on the team should have a battery-powered hand light?
• Preconnected hose lines are intended for what purpose?
• Which type of device can a person requesting assistance use to connect directly to a telecommunicator?
• What is the first step in cleaning SCBA?
• Should rehabilitation centers have any furniture?
• What is a common hazard when breaking down a door during forcible entry?
• What is the kern of a kernmantle rope?
• A gas valve that has been shut off must not be reopened until?
• What is another term for a truck company?
• What is the two-fire fighter ladder carry called in which the ladder is carried at arm's length rather than on the shoulder?
• When water is not moving, which kind of energy does it possess?
• What is the main purpose of an Incident Command System (ICS)?
• What primary factor influences the development of a fire in a building?
• What type of hose is primarily used for fire suppression operations?
• What can be used to support a water chute constructed with pike poles?
• Where do salvage crews generally start their operations?
• Which NFPA standard governs inspection, care, and use of fire hose, couplings, and nozzles and service testing of fire hose?
• Which component is crucial for the effective operation of a fire pump?
• When determining what risk classification to assign a certain building area, which two factors contribute?
• Which substance can be used to clean facepieces?
• Which of the following is a common respiratory hazard encountered in structural firefighting?
• What is a prime consideration when using any kind of tool or equipment?
• What is the difference between a gated wye and a water thief?
• During a defensive firefighting operation, which level of priority is exposure protection?
• Places along the hose line where it can be predicted that the hose will become caught and can slow or stop the advancement of the line are called?
• What should firefighters do after they have been rested, rehydrated, refueled, and rechecked in rehabilitation?
• Experiments have shown that a transitional fire attack slowed the growth of a fire by:
• Which size hose line is usually adequate for overhaul operations?
• An unburned area between a finger and the main head of the fire is called?
• Will a gas with a vapor density of 2.6 rise, fall, or have neutral buoyancy in air?
• On a three-fire fighter ladder carry, how should the fire fighters be aligned?
• What is the finishing material that is a thin concrete surface that can be used over brick, tile, or wood?
• During which phase of an emergency response is the primary focus on operations?
• How can the practice of having one team of firefighters conducting offensive operations and another team conducting defensive operations on the same building at the same time be characterized?
• What is the function of a heat sensor label on a ladder?
• What does a safety knot do?
• What is the term for a rapid chemical process that produces heat and light?
• What is another term for a deck gun?
• What should a firefighter prioritize before entering a structure during a fire?
• What is the primary purpose of using a thermal imaging camera at the fire scene?
• During an emergency, which area represents a significant focus for initial search priorities?
• What is the minimum number of people typically required for effective fireground operations?
• How many gallons per minute can a water shuttle realistically deliver?
• What is one common cause of firefighter injury related to physical exertion?
• What type of tool set should a search team and an interior firefighting team carry?
• What system must a fire department use to track personnel and assignments at an emergency scene?
• What is the term for how readily a material conducts heat?
• What is the term for non-aerial ladders?
• Actions that present a high level of risk to the safety of fire fighters are justified only under which circumstances?
• Protecting property and belongings from damage is called?
• In jacketed fire hose, what function does the outer jacket serve?
• What should firefighter candidates (or trainees) do if they see something that they feel is an unsafe practice occurring on the training ground?
• In which type(s) of operations are master stream devices used?
• In the two-part marking system for indicating which rooms have been searched, which symbol means a search is presently under way in a particular room?
• Who should fire fighters consider they work for?
• When performing an escape through a wall, what action may be necessary in order to be successful?
• In ladder safety, what should be ensured when positioning the ladder for climbing?
• To begin the one-fire fighter flat raise, where are the butt spurs placed for a ladder longer than 14 feet?
• What does the R stand for in PAR?
• Which type of policy is used to allow a responder the flexibility to deviate from a set procedure, yet still be held accountable for the action?
• Which toxic gas is often present in smoke?
• What is a reason for rolling the hose before loading it into the hose bed?
• What is a cause of weakening in natural fiber ropes?
• What must be done when the gas or electrical service to a structure is turned off for firefighting operations?
• What is the term for the period in which a fire can grow uncontrollably?
• What is the purpose of a fire department's standard operating procedures (SOP)?
• What is the recommended minimum pressure, in psi, for water coming from a fire hydrant?
• When hoisting a ladder, a second rope should be attached to the bottom of the ladder to help control it as it is hoisted. What is this second rope called?
• Which statement accurately describes how relatively easy or hard it would be for a trained person to extinguish a fire in a wastebasket, with a suitable portable fire extinguisher?
• One danger of cold exposure is hypothermia. What is another?
• What is a primary safety feature that should be checked on a ladder?
• What is necessary to ensure a dry-barrel hydrant drains completely?
• What is the term for a long section of protective material used to cover flooring or carpet?
• Where is water directed during hydraulic ventilation?
• What is the primary goal of using a deck gun during a fire response?
• What does NFPA stand for?
• What hazard arises when a ladder strikes an object while being raised?
• What is the main mechanical device used in negative-pressure ventilation?
• What is one advantage of portable fire extinguishers over hose lines?
• At what wind chill factor does the United States Fire Administration recommend establishing a rehabilitation operation?
• Which type of fuel includes large brush, heavy timber, stumps, branches, and dead timber on the ground?
• Which device is effective for warning traffic at emergency highway scenes?
• What effect does the water discharged from an automatic sprinkler system have on smoke?
• What does it mean when firefighters report "the fire is knocked down"?
• What is an endothermic reaction?
• Which hazard should fire fighters remain aware of when carrying long tools, especially pike poles?
• Which type of barrier is used to prevent the spread of fire from one side of the wall to the other?
• Complete this sentence: "We will extend a vigilant and measured level of risk to protect and rescue:
• Which characteristic distinguishes a Bangor ladder from other types?
• Before climbing an extension ladder, fire fighters should make sure the halyard is tied and:
• Approximately three out of four career fire fighters work in jurisdictions with a population of what size or more?
• Which characteristic is crucial for selecting a fire hose?
• When should fire fighters start to think about what tools they might need for a given call?
• What is the primary purpose of a roof?
• What do the chemicals in multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers do to prevent rekindling of Class A materials?
• What is the NFPA standard on personal alert safety systems?
• In firefighting, what does the acronym "PNW" stand for?
• What type of fire extinguisher is suitable for electrical fires?
• Which type of ventilation occurs when clean air is blown into a structure to force fire gases out?
• What should firefighters consider before engaging in fire suppression activities?
• NFPA standards require a low-air alarm to activate on SCBA when a certain percentage of air is left. Which percentage?
• Can a thermal imaging device "see" a person in the dark?
• What is the second priority in search operations during a fire?
• According to NFPA 10, what influences the maximum floor area protected by a fire extinguisher?
• What is the primary role of a fire officer during an incident?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 500-999 gpm?
• Which advantage does a smooth-bore nozzle have over a fog-stream nozzle?
• Following notification of an emergency response, when should fire fighters don PPE?
• Recent research has found that the traditional tactic of pushing down the interior stairs to attack a basement fire:
• If the specific key is not available to turn on or off a natural gas supply line valve, which tool will work as well?
• What is a ladder I-beam usually made of?
• What is the significance of using a preincident plan during firefighting?
• Which hose carry is used to transport full lengths of hose over a longer distance?
• During which phase of a fire incident should coordination among responders be maximized?
• What is the term for those ladders that are permanently mounted and operated from a piece of fire apparatus?
• Which class of fire would involve energized building wiring, fuse boxes, transformers, or generators?
• What is the main reason firefighters use a buddy system?
• How much does a gallon of water weigh, in pounds?
• How far down the chain of command does the responsibility for safety go?
• What is defined as a systematic way to keep track of the location and function of all personnel operating at the scene of an incident?
• Exposure to which type of light can damage synthetic ropes?
• Which type of fire behavior generally dictates the use of vertical ventilation?
• What is the preferred method to cut a ventilation hole in a metal roof?
• In relation to firefighting, what does PPE stand for?
• What is the rank to which fire fighters typically report in the fire department?
• To force entry into an outward-swinging door, where is the adze end of a Halligan bar applied?
• If evaporative cooling is reduced, say by high humidity, which effect, if any, does this have on firefighters?
• What does the ANI feature of enhanced 9-1-1 do?
• The risk of a new fire remains even if only a small percentage of the original fire remains smoldering. How small a percentage?
• Which type of wildland fire apparatus is designed to transport water to the scene of a wildland fire?
• Which areas of a wall are usually opened first, during overhaul?
• Which type of fire company is primarily responsible for securing water sources and conducting search and rescue operations?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a fire in a frying pan?
• What is a significant drawback of using foam extinguishers?
• What do the stops do on an extension ladder?
• A blitz attack is a(n):
• What is the primary purpose of a fire hydrant?
• What is it called if air is immediately drawn back into the building because of an incompletely sealed smoke ejector?
• What is the maximum recommended angle when positioning a ladder against a wall?
• When responding to a wildland fire, what equipment is essential for protecting firefighters?
• What must be considered before breaching a wall?
• What is the characteristic design of a jalousie window?
• How many classes of fire extinguishers are there?
• What is the primary goal of using positive pressure ventilation during firefighting operations?
• To pull down a ceiling, how should firefighters position themselves?
• What is the largest flow in gallons per minute that a master stream device can generate?
• When encountering an electrical fire, what is the safest course of action?
• What is the danger of materials such as bolts of cloths or bales of rags?
• What is the term for the weather-resistant surface of a roof?
• What is considered the most common size for a vertical ventilation opening?
• Which part of a padlock is the U-shaped top of the lock that slides through a hasp and locks in the padlock itself?
• What is the proper climbing angle for a ladder?
• During firefighting operations, which of the following actions can exacerbate fire conditions?
• In a well-designed water distribution system, which type of pattern do the water mains follow?
• What is the correct term for the small two-way radios individual firefighters can carry, once called walkie-talkies?
• What is an urgent message that takes priority over all other communications?
• What is the recommended method for a firefighter to reduce their risk of heat stress?
• For an area to qualify for the classification of light hazard, what must the combustibles present meet?
• Opening the front door of a house must be considered part of:
• Who is typically responsible for ensuring all safety protocols are followed during an incident?
• What does the bugle on the insignia of the fire service indicate?
• Which officer serves as a liaison between the IC and the news media?
• Will it be necessary to implement all the components of a rehabilitation center for every incident?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire hydrant?
• What is Type IV construction characterized by?
• What does it mean to describe certain firefighters as "career" firefighters?
• Under which conditions do natural fiber ropes deteriorate with age?
• How should a hockey puck lock with a mounting bracket be disabled?
• What is one flame-resistant material?
• During strenuous firefighting, how does the realistic use time of an SCBA compare to its rated use time?
• If a reaction occurs very rapidly or in an enclosed space, what can the mixture reach that may begin to burn?
• What is a crucial factor to consider during a size-up of a fire to develop an effective plan?
• During which conditions is the use of ladders particularly hazardous?
• What is one use for a spring-loaded center punch?
• What is the third most common hose load for preconnected attack lines?
• Which type of company specializes in forcible entry, ventilation, roof operations, and deployment of ground ladders?
• What is one example of a hand-powered hydraulic spreader tool?
• When fighting fires in multiple-level structures, what is particularly important for firefighters?
• What is the combination hoe and rake tool called?
• Which kind of firefighting attack can control the fire with the least amount of property damage?
• What is an example of an incident that might require the presence of emergency personnel to be active for an extended period of time?
• What is the term for the condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F?
• Which class of fire involves combustible cooking oils and fats in kitchens?
• Which piece of equipment is essential for ensuring efficient water flow during fire suppression?
• What is the primary material used in reinforced concrete masonry units (CMUs)?
• What type of tool is specifically designed for wildland firefighting?
• What is one disadvantage of using positive-pressure fans in firefighting?
• What are the two weather conditions that most influence wildland fires?
• What is the purpose of a fire extinguisher's pressure gauge?
• On a split hose lay, what water source does the initial attack engine use to fight the fire until the supply engine is ready to pump?
• What is the first step in reading smoke during an incident?
• Fire escape rope is intended for use in which of the following situations?
• The size-up process should include a specific evaluation of search-and-rescue factors such as number of occupants, location, degree of risk, and:
• What phrase is typically used to indicate that the primary search has been completed?
• Which NFPA standard specifies the requirements for placing and mounting portable fire extinguishers?
• Which of the federal government agencies is responsible for coordinating firefighting activities at large incidents and incidents that occur on federal lands?
• How does fatigue and dehydration affect firefighters' risk of injury and collapse?
• The analysis of firefighter fatalities and serious injuries has shown that firefighters themselves often contribute to the deterioration of their situation. How?
• Another way to classify vegetative fuels is by their size, shape, compactness, and volume. Which of the following classifications is correct?
• Most of the volunteer firefighters in the United States protect small communities of _______ or less
• What is the term for the main structure of a portable fire extinguisher?
• The standard search is primarily used in what type of occupancy?
• What is one of a telecommunicator's most important skills?
• How are vegetative fuels classified?
• What is one common use for a hose clamp?
• What are the recommended priorities in a fire service common saying regarding self-care and incident management?
• Which hazard can occur from improper ventilation techniques during a fire?
• When responding to a high-rise fire, firefighters must be most concerned with which of the following?
• What is the short fold in a supply hose load called that is made so that a coupling does not have to turn around when the hose is being laid out?
• What is the indicator notch on hose couplings that lines up when the threads are engaged properly?
• To whom do captains report within the fire department structure?
• Where is the best place to observe patterns of smoke?
• Which kind of analysis is it when the IC weighs the potential danger to firefighters against the likelihood of saving someone inside?
• What is it called when supply hose beds on apparatus are divided into two or more sections?
• Mobile water supply apparatus are often called:
• What is one tool that is important for interior firefighting teams?
• What type of system utilizes digital technology to transmit over shared frequencies controlled by a computer?
• On a reducer, which end is usually male?
• What is one way to tie a clove hitch?
• Which kind of tool is specifically designed to open double doors equipped with panic bars?
• What is the most common word used to request assistance when a firefighter is lost, missing, or requires assistance?
• When companies are working in SCBA, who determines the working time for the company?
• Which type of hose coupling is commonly used in firefighting?
• What are tools called that are used to generate an impact force directly on an object or another tool?
• Which parts of ground ladders can be painted for visibility and identification?
• A Pulaski axe combines an axe with another tool. Which other tool?
• Which tool is typically used to cut through drywall in emergency situations?
• What characteristic differentiates synthetic ropes in terms of their performance during maneuvers?
• Which type of search is a quick attempt to locate potential victims who may be in danger?
• Select the true statement about steel.
• What is one additional use for a fog stream besides putting water on a fire?
• What is the primary purpose of a thermal imaging camera in firefighting?
• What information does an ALI system primarily provide?
• How can you quickly determine if a dry-barrel hydrant is still draining before replacing the discharge outlet cap?
• What is the term used to describe development occurring in wildland areas where undeveloped land with vegetative fuels is mixed with human-made structures?
• What is the primary purpose of a roof ladder?
• What is the term for the quantity of fuel available in a specific area?
• Which type of knot is used to tie two ropes of unequal size?
• What can be used to clean synthetic ropes?
• What is a characteristic of class A fires?
• A triple-layer hose load is finished with the nozzle:
• Which NFPA standard offers a framework for a comprehensive health and safety program for fire fighters?
• What are butt spurs on a ladder?
• What relationship, if any, is there between habits developed in training and habits that will be displayed on the fireground?
• When is a three-fire fighter flat shoulder carry particularly useful?
• What does the observation of a steel beam bending under fire conditions indicate?
• The individual who is responsible for the management of all incident operations is the:
• When inspecting a kernmantle rope by feel, what would a depression in the kern feel like?
• What type of fire extinguisher is suitable for use on electrical fires?
• How often should in-service ladder service testing be done?
• What is the term for a two-way radio that is permanently mounted in a vehicle?
• One crucial aspect of ventilation size-up is determining where the fire is located and what else?
• How, if at all, does the oxygen requirement of the fire triangle differ for wildland fires as opposed to structure fires?
• What would describe the appearance of the stream from a smooth-bore nozzle?
• When hoisting a power saw, it should be in a:
• How should a hose line be advanced up a ladder?
• What is the preferred method for carrying a fire extinguisher?
• What is the hose that is usually carried on a hose reel, is made of rubber, and flows only 40 to 50 gallons per minute called?
• What is the second phase of fire development?
• In natural fiber ropes, what is the term used for the structure formed by twisted fibers?
• What is developed to provide definitive guidelines for present and future actions?
• Who is a fire fighter that has training in chemical identification and decontamination?
• Which part of a fire extinguisher is responsible for discharging the extinguishing agent?
• What type of contact must a company officer maintain to verify the status of company members?
• If a defect is identified on a hose during an inspection, what is one of the steps to be taken?
• What is the purpose of skip breathing?
• What type of foam is primarily used for flammable liquid fires?
• What is typically the main function of a fire department ladder truck?
• Which hose appliance combines two hose lines into one?
• When are company officers and safety officers involved in risk-benefit analysis?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 1000-1499 gpm?
• What must firefighters be cautious of while using a power saw to cut through a roof?
• What is the burned area of a wildland fire called?
• When possible, how should firefighters be assigned to rehabilitation?
• When approaching a fire with an extinguisher, what should fire fighters have behind them?
• Which of the following communications takes precedence over all other communications?
• What will happen to gypsum board that is exposed to fire for a prolonged time?
• If ______ or more of the situations listed in the "Eighteen Watch Out Situations" are encountered, a firefighter should reconsider engaging in the assignment.
• In the extinguisher rating 2-A:10-B:C, what does the C signify?
• Which tool can remove burrs on hydrant threads?
• What is the term for a chemical reaction that produces heat?
• What is the process called when wood undergoes a chemical change due to heat without combustion?
• What does the second D stand for in TDD?
• What is indicated by an incomplete seal of a smoke ejector during a fire?
• What factor of ventilation openings impacts the speed at which a fire responds to ventilation changes?
• What is one chemical used as a dry chemical extinguishing agent?
• Which advantage does a fog-stream nozzle have over a smooth-bore nozzle?
• What is one tool from the basic set of interior firefighting tools?
• Which of the following is not a primary design used to construct roofs?
• The amount of pressure remaining in a water distribution system when water is flowing is called:
• Which of the following concepts dictates that each fire fighter answer to only one supervisor?
• Which of the following is a common component of firefighter communication equipment?
• When should firefighters conduct a size-up during an emergency response?
• Up to how much fluid can firefighters lose in an hour of action?
• Which hazard is associated with using water to fight an electrical fire?
• All portable fire extinguishers use what means for expelling their contents?
• What role does the fire incident commander typically play at the scene?
• In the maintenance formula for ropes, what is one essential part?
• What should fire fighters prioritize when assessing a structure fire?
• What does a gated wye enable that a non-gated wye does not?
• Studies have shown that wildland firefighters require how many calories per day?
• Why is proper hydration critical for firefighters?
• What is one of the three parts of a municipal water system?
• What type of doors are normally used as entrance doors?
• What can be used to protect a hose line being hoisted over a roof or windowsill?
• Operating a PIV handle is similar to operating:
• When rescuing a downed firefighter, what is the first step once the firefighter is reached?
• What were the original hooks of "hook-and-ladder" fame used for?
• How are occupancy use category and hazard classification related?
• What is the term used when fire fighters take action independently, disregarding SOPs and the command structure?
• What is the primary function of a fire hydrant?
• When overhaul crews are moving appliances, what should they note that might help investigators?
• What is the most important reason for team integrity in firefighting operations?
• Where does the water come from in hydraulic ventilation?
• If a firefighter becomes disoriented, hold the male and female couplings in each hand. What will the couplings tell you?
• How many sections of hose should be used to replace a damaged section of hose?
• There are three primary types of mechanical saws: chain saw, rotary saw, and:
• After placing your PPE in a logical order, what is the first step in donning PPE?
• What is a typical number of feet of supply hose for a fire engine to carry?
• Before climbing a ladder, fire fighters should make sure it is either tied or:
• What is the term for the process where a solid, due to heat, breaks down to produce a flammable vapor?
• How should fire fighters be released from rehabilitation?
• Which factor is critical in determining the effectiveness of PPE in firefighting?
• Which material is commonly used for structural firefighting turnout gear?
• What is the greatest danger to firefighters when fighting a fire involving stacked or piled material?
• What is one of the most common of the rotating tools?
• Each firefighter accident or injury must be thoroughly investigated for two reasons. One is to determine why it happened. What is the other?
• What is one advantage of a straight stream over a fog stream?
• Type I buildings typically use reinforced concrete and ________ in their construction.
• Who developed the first fireplug (hydrant)?
• Which NFPA standard covers the criteria for design, construction, and performance of life safety rope and related equipment?
• What is one item that would be included in a life safety rope's rope record?
• What is the most common method of protecting buildings' contents in salvage?
• What are Phillips head and Roberts head classified as?
• When the handle of a natural gas supply line valve is in line with the pipe, which position is the valve in?
• What component of hydrant caps should be inspected routinely?
• What is the general rule regarding smoke movement in relation to fire temperature?
• When would tactical ventilation be considered unnecessary?
• When is a dry-barrel hydrant necessary?
• What is it called when individual pieces of wood are glued together?
• What type of channel is designed for simultaneous communications in different directions?
• Which component of the SCBA regulates the flow of air to the user?
• In how many feets does an extension ladder need to be when performing the two-firefighter shoulder carry?
• What action does a CAD system take if it detects a possible duplicate address during information entry?
• What is the term for the partly decomposed organic material on a forest floor?
• When firefighters are safely descending a ladder with an unconscious child, how should their hands be positioned?
• When thrusting a pike pole tip up through a ceiling to pull it, which way should the hook on the tip face?
• Why is it important for firefighters to hydrate during rehabilitation?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire helmet?
• What is a critical factor to consider when assessing the stability of a structure in firefighting?
• At which types of incidents should the concept of rehabilitation be addressed?
• Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapor present in the air compared to what?
• What is the term used to describe the process of finding and exposing any smoldering or hidden pockets of fire?
• In which type of fuel do fires spread more quickly?
• Where should the tip of a ladder be placed during rescue operations from a window?
• What is the term used to describe the weight of the building?
• In the context of fire suppression, what does the term 'defensive attack' refer to?
• What should be available during overhaul to douse any hot spots or flare-ups?
• How should fire fighters use their contact with the public?
• What is the main principle of exposure protection in firefighting?
• What is the recommended procedure for approaching an active fire scene?
• In a webbing sling drag, what helps support the victim's head and neck?
• What is the second stage of advancing an attack line?
• What is the main focus of public fire education?
• What is the recommended substance for cleaning hoses?
• When should a secondary search be performed?
• What is the primary focus of fire prevention efforts?
• On a two-fire fighter shoulder ladder carry, what should the fire fighter closer to the butt end do, in addition to carrying that end of the ladder?
• The dry chemicals in fire extinguishers work in two ways. What is one of those ways?
• All ladder rescues should be performed with a certain number of fire fighters whenever possible. How many?
• During operations in a traffic area, which guideline should be used to determine how quickly to close streets and block off access?
• Which agency is responsible for regulating the production and sale of flammable substances?
• What is the term used to describe the part of the lock that catches and holds the doorframe?
• What phenomenon can occur when a mixture of flammable gases and oxygen in a void or other confined area comes in contact with an ignition source?
• For which type of fire is vegetation the primary fuel?
• Which question is important to ask when inspecting life safety ropes?
• When a ladder is used to access a roof, at least how many rungs should show above the roofline?
• Who is responsible for accounting for all firefighters involved in an emergency incident?
• What is the transfer of heat energy in the form of invisible waves called?
• A talk-around channel:
• Which class of fire includes ordinary combustibles such as wood and paper?
• Select the true statement regarding Class A and Class B foam fire extinguishers and their use on the unintended class of fire.
• Where is the hinge on a casement window?
• What is one requirement of communications centers mandated by the applicable NFPA standard?
• Which term describes the top or bottom section of a trussed beam?
• What does the acronym PASS stand for in relation to using a fire extinguisher?
• What is the primary purpose of a firefighter's SCBA?
• Which type of glass is normally used in automobile windshields?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of heat exhaustion?
• Which type of structure, used in roof supports, is composed of relatively small and lightweight components in a series of triangles?
• In ordinary construction, what are the exterior walls made of?
• Which type of steel is specially treated to be resistant to cutting?
• During ventilation operations, what is the primary goal?
• What is a metal bar that runs between the beams of a wooden ladder called?
• What strategy should be implemented if a firefighter encounters rapid fire spread upon entering a structure?
• When deploying a fire shelter, which direction should the firefighter's feet be facing?
• If the fire alarm system is activated, what is the first response firefighters should take?
• What is one aspect of a hazardous materials incident that adds to the physical exertion required of firefighters?
• Which term is used by some departments to indicate that fire fighters must work in teams of at least two and remain in constant communication with each other?
• When maneuvering to place a ladder to a roof, why is a proper angle essential?
• What is the primary purpose of ventilation in fire suppression?
• Which strategy is often used in lumberyard fires?
• What is the term for the rope or cable used to extend or hoist the fly section(s) of an extension ladder?
• What is the test used to measure the ability of a cylinder to withstand internal pressure?
• What is the primary purpose of thermal imaging cameras during firefighting operations?
• When should a ladder be inspected before use?
• What is the minimum size hose line fire fighters should use to fight a vehicle fire?
• In a direct fire attack, water should be applied until:
• What is the definition of Type V construction?
• What is the appropriate level of protective equipment when conducting forcible entry during fire suppression operations?
• What is a master stream device that is permanently mounted on a vehicle and piped called?
• Why is it important to identify the fire stage during ventilation size-up?
• What is the only reliable method to ensure everyone has safely evacuated a building?
• When should a firefighter use a thermal imaging camera?
• Which attribute is essential for a firefighter when assessing a fire scene?
• Which type of fire attack has the primary objective of preventing the fire from spreading?
• According to NFPA 1901, what is the minimum total length of feet of ground ladders that a truck company must carry?
• What is the only method to determine there are no hidden fires in a building of ordinary construction?
• If a nozzle must be left partly open in a structure to prevent freezing in cold temperatures, which technique can help reduce water damage to the structure?
• What is slash?
• When breaching a floor, which tool is considered the best to use?
• Which piece of equipment can stop the flow of water in a burst hose line if it can't be shut down at the pump?
• During short incidents, which type of nourishment would be appropriate for firefighters to sustain peak performance levels?
• What should firefighters prioritize when arriving at a fire scene?
• Which type of ventilation openings can be used to stop fire spread in long narrow buildings, such as strip malls?
• If there are no life hazards, how should a fire in a building under construction be fought?
• What is formed by reversing the direction of a rope to form a "U" bend with two parallel ends?
• What is one essential element of safe emergency operations?
• Which undesirable effect can occur if windows on the upwind side are opened first in a horizontal ventilation situation?
• Which document outlines the policies and procedures for responding to hazardous materials incidents?
• When you open a door and the smoke exits through the top half of the doorway and clean air enters through the bottom half, the fire is probably on which level?
• Rotating tools are used to assemble or disassemble parts that are connected by which means?
• What is one requirement of structural firefighting gloves?
• Which kind of tool is actually a small spreader operated by a hand-held hydraulic pump?
• Which term describes the means of controlling the spread of fire using physical barriers?
• What is the function of a soft sleeve suction hose?
• What equipment is found on a tanker to allow it to unload 3000 gallons of water in one minute?
• What term describes an arrangement of water mains that delivers water to hydrants from multiple directions simultaneously?
• What does the term "flashover" refer to in firefighting?
• What should be done first when arriving at a fire scene?
• Which of the following is a hazard of an alternative fuel vehicle?
• What is one reason that team efforts are imperative in the fire service?
• In which situation would a firefighter's personal protective equipment (PPE) be vital?
• Which type of search is described as a rapid attempt to find potential victims during a fire?
• To whom does the safety officer report on the fireground?
• Which of the following options is NOT a feature of ordinary construction?
• What does the term "flashover" refer to in fire dynamics?
• What is an elevated master stream device that is mounted at the tip of an aerial ladder called?
• Which part of the body should be used for a heavy lift?
• If a roof must be cut to provide a ventilation opening, what is the recommended minimum size of the opening?
• Which of the following can be a difficulty when fighting a basement fire?
• What is one precaution fire fighters should take when extending the fly section of an extension ladder?
• What is a key responsibility of the fire chief in a fire department?
• The flow or quantity of water moving is measured in what unit?
• What relationship is there, if any, between age and ability to endure the stresses of firefighting?
• Which material is especially well suited for water rescue rope?
• What is characterized as dry lightning?
• What term describes the end of the ladder that rests on the ground?
• When performing a flat hose load for a forward lay, which end of the hose is first to be loaded?
• In a smoke-filled environment, what is a child's most likely hiding spot?
• What must be done before entering a structure to ensure safety?
• What is an important factor when determining fire flow needs?
• When it comes to atmospheric pressure, which of the following is true in a fire situation?
• What term describes the weight of the building's contents?
• What type of search is conducted after the scene is under control and is thorough?
• What effect does the water discharged from an automatic sprinkler system have on smoke?
• Which term describes the properties of energy, pressure, and water flow as related to fire suppression?
• A pike pole's function is to:
• Which tool is used to pull down a ceiling?
• What is the water delivery device that flows a minimum of 350 gallons of water per minute called?
• The three basic elements required for fire include fuel, oxygen, and what else?
• In addition to prying, what can a flat-head axe be used for that a pick-head axe cannot?
• Voice recorders and incident logs have what impact on any errors that occur in the communications center?
• What is a common risk firefighters face that necessitates physical conditioning?
• Two quarts of fluid equals roughly two percent of a 200-lb. firefighter's body weight. Loss of that much body fluid can result in the impairment of:
• Because they contain ________, drinks like colas, coffee, and tea should be avoided as rehabilitation fluid-replacement drinks?
• What is the traveling edge of a wildland fire called?
• What situation would require the use of a saw for ventilation during a fire?
• What is a crucial aspect of a thorough size-up during a fire situation?
• What is the unburned part of a wildland fire area called?
• What is the relevance of water being divided into droplets with a very large surface area in a fog stream?
• According to NFPA Standard 24, what is the minimum distance between the center of a fire hydrant hose outlet and the finished grade of the ground around the hydrant?
• How far back does the concept of fire departments date according to historical evidence?
• During a two-person rescue of a downed firefighter, where does the first firefighter grab to pull the downed firefighter?
• Which type of foam is typically used for suppressing class B fires?
• What is one of the sources firefighters use to obtain water on the fire ground?
• What is the primary function of a Halligan tool?
• If a portable tank is self-expanding, fire fighters may need to hold on to _______ while the tank is being filled.
• Which of the following equipment is essential for firefighter safety during operations?
• What is one of the greatest challenges during the overhaul phase?
• Where is water directed during hydraulic ventilation?
• When establishing a water supply, what is the first action that should be taken by firefighters?
• When smoke thins after opening a door, but still fills the doorway, the fire is probably located at what level?
• What is the minimum number of firefighters required to make up a firefighting team?
• When does controlling the utilities usually occur during a working structure fire?
• Firefighters working from a ladder should use a safety belt or what to secure themselves to the ladder?
• A personnel accountability system is used to track which of the following?
• What is a critical factor to consider when stretching attack lines in a fire situation?
• When should fire extinguishers on apparatus be inspected?
• What is the usual pressure range at the delivery point in a water system?
• To what does a thermal imaging device respond?
• What is the substance called that is contained in a portable fire extinguisher and puts out the fire?
• During routine SCBA checks, the pressure on the cylinder gauge must be in agreement with the regulator pressure gauge within what range?
• What is a significant characteristic of heavy timber construction?
• Which motion best accomplishes the removal of the pin and tamper seal from a portable fire extinguisher?
• Which of the following is NOT a primary component of the firefighting triangle?
• What does dehydration indicate?
• What is the preferred method to ventilate a large building?
• On which floor should attack lines be connected when utilizing a standpipe system?
• Do natural fiber ropes have any current applications in the fire service?
• What is the key characteristic of Class B fires?
• How much does a full set of personal protective equipment weigh?
• Most straight ladders and roof ladders of a certain length or less can be safely carried by one fire fighter. What is this length?
• During firefighting operations, what should be the main focus when assessing building conditions?
• Which of the following can be the cause of a leak in a facepiece seal?
• How are protective hoods worn?
• Which type of fire extinguisher is specifically designed for extinguishing electrical fires?
• When is freelancing acceptable on the training ground?
• What is the result if blood sugar levels drop too low in the body?
• What happens if the wrong tool is used on case-hardened steel?
• Freestanding walls that extend above the normal roofline are called what?
• What is a common component of a standard firefighter's PPE?
• What is the primary goal of the Incident Command System (ICS)?
• Which type of ladder is usually carried up another ladder before being placed?
• What tool is commonly used to measure the temperature of smoke during a fire?
• When a ladder is placed at the proper angle for climbing, how far away will the rung at shoulder height be from the fire fighter?
• What does a CMU contain?
• Which traffic regulations, if any, are fire fighter emergency vehicle operators responding in emergency vehicles subject to obey?
• Which area is the first search priority?
• What is the primary purpose of conducting a 360-degree assessment of a fire scene?
• How can fire fighters performing a primary search extend their reach?
• What is the effective range of a 2.5-gallon water extinguisher when expelled in a solid stream?
• What should firefighters use to break glass in windows?
• What is the NFPA standard on protective ensembles for structural and proximity firefighting?
• How is humidity related to evaporative cooling?
• What is the term for the open space between the ceiling of the top floor and the underside of the roof of a building?
• Where should a firefighter stand when breaking windows during forcible entry?
• What is the correct position of a firefighter’s hands when breaking windows from the windward side?
• Under which circumstance can a firefighter control a large handline?
• What do the beams of a ladder directly support?
• During fire suppression operations, a quick assessment for any structural hazards is crucial. Which term best describes this?
• What is the main role of a fire officer at an incident scene?
• Which component of firefighting equipment helps to prevent slipping on ladders?
• What term describes the division of tasks among firefighters during an incident?
• What should firefighters do immediately upon arriving at the scene of an emergency?
• Which type of knot is typically used for securing a rope to an anchor?
• How difficult is the overhaul effort on a roof-over situation?
• Which method is typically used to control a high-angle rescue?
• Which two tools are commonly used together to pry open a door?
• Which type of fire hydrant is specifically designed for use in freezing temperatures?
• Which body of rules, regulations, or guidelines usually addresses where and how to stage tools at a fire scene?
• What is it called when two groups of fire fighters are operating hose lines "against" each other?
• Where are defensive firefighting operations conducted from?
• Which type of ladder is typically used for accessing rooftops?
• What is the primary safety feature of an extension ladder?
• Which of the following actions is crucial for the safety of firefighters during a building search?
• Which class of fire involves ordinary combustibles, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and some plastics?
• What is one overhaul concern if the attic insulation is blown-in cellulose?
• When using an axe to open a wall, which type of cut should be made?
• What is it called when trapped moisture in concrete is heated to steam and expands, causing parts of the concrete to break away?
• In what scenario is a master stream typically deployed?
• What is the primary purpose of a positive-pressure ventilation system?
• In firefighting, what does the term "collapse" primarily refer to in hazardous situations?
• What happens to relative humidity as the temperature cools off toward evening?
• What happens if blood glucose levels are too high?
• Which type of appliance is used to attach a smaller hose to a larger one?
• What is the first step in conducting overhaul of a vehicle after a fire is extinguished?
• What type of extinguisher is best suited for flammable liquid fires?
• What are laminated glass windows likely to do when exposed to a fire?
• During overhaul, what is the primary objective?
• Class C fires involve which of the following?
• What effect do knots in ropes have on their load-bearing capacity?
• On which principle does a thermal image camera operate?
• What is the measure of whether or not a material will burn?
• Which of the following is included in a LUNAR report when initiating a mayday?
• What would the observation of glass blocks in a wall tell firefighters?
• What purpose do the hooks of a roof ladder serve?
• When should firefighters use the purge valve on SCBA?
• Class B foam extinguishers are not suitable for which type of flammable liquid fire?
• What is the minimum fire fighter level that is expected to be able to don and doff personal protective equipment properly?
• Which guide should be used for cleaning power tools?
• When ventilating a structure, where should a ladder be placed when breaking a window?
• What metal is used in building construction primarily as a coating to protect metal parts from rust and corrosion?
• Where does the top beam of the ladder rest during a one-fire fighter carry?
• What should firefighters do first upon arrival at the scene of a vehicle fire?
• What is the primary aim of conducting a size-up at the scene of a fire?
• Which exemptions or privileges do fire fighters have from traffic laws when responding in their own vehicles?
• Which NFPA Standard specifies training and performance qualifications for fire fighters?
• Which device splits one hose stream into two hose streams?
• The flat-head axe is often used with another tool. What is the common nickname for the two tools together?
• Will a correctly tied safety knot slide on the standing part of the rope?
• Which knot feature is formed in a rope by making a loop then bringing the two ends of the rope parallel to each other?
• Which federal agency is responsible for establishing design, testing, and certification requirements for respiratory protection?
• What does a dry hydrant enable an engine to do?
• If heated to a temperature of 1000°F, how far will a steel beam elongate per 10 feet?
• Which term describes the amount of energy in a body or stream of water?
• What important measure should firefighters take to prevent freelancing during emergency operations?
• What is one frequent use for a hydraulic spreader?
• What is the minimum number of firefighters needed to advance and maneuver a 2½" handline inside a building?
• When a spring-loaded center punch is used to break tempered automobile glass, what occurs?
• During a search, spindle-style furniture legs might indicate what type of furniture?
• Under what circumstances would a firefighter need a hose clamp?
• When does the rest phase begin for fire fighters arriving at rehabilitation?
• Fighting fires requires excellent physical conditioning to combat heat, cold, smoke, flames, physical exertion, and what?
• What is the NFPA standard on use, maintenance, and service testing of in-service fire department ground ladders?
• A portable air supply for use in rescuing a firefighter that has run out of air is called a/an:
• Adults who try to escape a fire on their own are often found in one of two locations. What is one of those?
• What is the term for the lowest temperature at which a liquid produces enough vapor to sustain a continuous fire?
• Which coupling goes on the inside of a straight hose roll?
• If a ladder is placed at the proper angle for climbing and it is reaching 20 feet up a wall, how far away from the wall should the base be, in feet?
• During salvage operations, what should be done with pictures on the walls?
• What process occurs when oxygen combines chemically with another substance to create a new compound?
• What is one critical responsibility of the Incident Commander (IC)?
• What is it called when a rope is suddenly put under unusual tension?
• A rapid intervention company/crew is established for the purpose of:
• What is the process called of comparing the positive results that can be achieved in an action with the probability and severity of potential negative consequences?
• Which type of lock, other than a cylindrical lock, is designed to fit in a predrilled opening on the side of a door and is commonly found in hotel rooms?
• What is a BLEVE?
• What hazard is associated with structural collapse during firefighting operations?
• What must a firefighter be aware of when using a power saw to cut a ventilation opening in a roof?
• What must firefighters prioritize when tackling a vehicle fire?
• Under what condition might firefighters call the power company to turn off power remotely?
• Which tool in the crow bar family is also known as the Hux bar?
• The required size of a water main is based upon the amount of water needed for normal consumption and:
• Which type of ventilation takes advantage of doors and windows on the same level as the fire?
• What kind of extinguisher is most suitable for electrical fires?
• What is another term for communications center dispatchers?
• Light hazard environments usually contain a limited amount of combustibles of which class?
• What is the NFPA standard on open-circuit self-contained breathing apparatus?
• What is an advantage of portable fire extinguishers?
• Which of the following is a critical factor to consider when determining the escape route during a fire?
• What is the NFPA standard on protective clothing and equipment for wildland firefighting?
• What are circular saw blades that are made of composite material that includes silicon carbide or steel designed to cut?
• What is the first step in the process of response?
• The main purpose of a standpipe system is to provide what?
• What will happen to the flow of water from activated sprinkler heads once the sprinkler control valve is turned off?
• What is the term for a rope used on an extension ladder to raise a fly section?
• Does it matter which type of dry powder extinguisher is used on which type of burning metal?
• What happens if normal extinguishing agents are tried on Class D fires?
• Are hazardous conditions evident by observation?
• Under which conditions, if any, will gypsum burn?
• What are rafters in building construction?
• To force an inward-opening door, which part of the Halligan bar is inserted between the stop and the jamb?
• Which term is used to describe the properties of energy, pressure, and water flow as related to fire suppression?
• Which class of fire involves flammable or combustible liquids?
• Why do compact fuels burn more slowly than less compact fuels?
• What is the phenomenon called in which smoke hangs low to the ground on a cool damp day with very little wind?
• What is the relevance of water being divided into droplets with a very large surface area in a fog stream?
• What occurs if air is unintentionally drawn back into a building due to a smoke ejector being incompletely sealed?
• Which of the following is not produced by residential or commercial fires?
• During which phase of an emergency response does the decontamination of personnel typically take place?
• What should firefighters do when entering an unknown smoke-filled area?
• Which type of circular saw blade is specially designed to cut through hard surfaces or wood?
• What does the N stand for in ANI?
• What is the two-fire fighter stiff-arm method used for?
• What is the term for the type of light that projects a diffuse light over a wide area?
• How are jalousie windows normally opened and closed?
• Which classes of fire extinguisher include a number in their classification?
• Which of the following is a risk associated with using positive-pressure ventilation incorrectly?
• What is one tactic a fire department might adopt to help reduce the load on firefighters at a high-rise fire?
• In a horizontal ventilation situation, which windows should be opened first?
• Which type of fire extinguisher is most commonly used in residential settings?
• Which kind of tool is designed specifically to remove a lock cylinder?
• What is a primary purpose of a fire partition?
• Which tool is specifically designed to pull the lock cylinder out of a door?
• What is the primary reason for establishing a fire line?
• What is the term for the lowest temperature at which a liquid can produce a flammable vapor?
• What must happen to a personal escape rope once it is used?
• How many people are needed to use a battering ram?
• When dealing with a fire in structural void spaces, what should be in place before using positive-pressure ventilation?
• Which knot is used to secure the end of the rope to an object?
• Which effect, if any, does a built barrier, such as a highway, have on a wildland fire?
• What is the usual response when a caller disconnects before full information can be gathered and the dispatcher cannot reconnect by calling the caller back?
• Which specialized fire fighter is trained in dealing with aircraft fires and extrication of victims on aircraft?
• Portable fireground lights can range from 300 watts upward. What is the upper range, in watts?
• Introducing air into a ventilation-limited fire can result in:
• How are life safety ropes categorized?
• What should fire fighters take with them if sent to shut off a main sprinkler control valve without the necessary key?
• Using technology to make buildings and products safer is an example of what type of CRR strategy?
• What is generally the maximum distance a CO2 extinguisher can be expected to reach?
• What is another term for gypsum board?
• Which type of fire connection allows for the rapid flow of water to an engine?
• What factor primarily determines the effectiveness of a fire extinguisher?
• What is the function of junction boxes on the fire scene?
• Which type of heat transfer occurs when one end of a steel beam is exposed to heat and the other end begins to heat up?
• How should a hydrant be opened to prevent a water surge (hammer), if possible?
• How much water can large handlines typically flow, in gallons per minute?
• What is the water delivery device that flows a minimum of 350 gallons of water per minute called?
• Which type of operation is needed to alleviate flashover conditions?
• What safety equipment should be used when operating power saws?
• Ideally, when, relative to the overhaul process, should fire investigators begin their work at a fire scene?
• In the system of accountability, what should be requested at the occurrence of tactical benchmarks?
• How are the terms flammability range and explosive limits related, if at all?
• A flat-head axe's function is to:
• Which search method is used in extreme situations, and is considered extremely dangerous for firefighters?
• What is the transparent part of a window called?
• What is the most common type of wildland fire encountered by some departments?
• What is the most common type of fire alarm system in buildings?
• What type of electronic device is commonly used in search and rescue operations?
• Who inspects businesses and enforces public safety laws and fire codes?
• What is the role of a fire fighter trained in rescue, recovery, and search procedures in water and under ice conditions?
• The number of people that one person can supervise effectively is known as what?
• What is the application of a safety knot?
• How reliable is the sensation of thirst as an indicator of body dehydration?
• What is the greatest danger to fire fighters performing vertical ventilation?
• From which source do saturated fats predominantly come?
• Which type of ladder is primarily designed for quick deployment during emergencies?
• What type of PPE is primarily used to protect firefighters from thermal hazards?
• Which type of hose line has a predetermined length of hose, with a nozzle already attached?
• The terms used to describe how a rope reacts to an applied load are dynamic and:
• What should company officers do if there is a change in the balance of risk to benefit during an incident?
• What is the primary function of personal protective equipment in firefighting?
• If a firefighter hears three repeated blasts of an apparatus air horn, what action should they take?
• A kerf cut is a:
• What does steel do under intense heat?
• What technique is often used to suppress flammable liquid fires?
• Which hose load has the hose up on its edge lying side-to-side in the hose bed?
• Which of the following is a primary concern when servicing a fire hydrant?
• For which application might it be preferable to use long rolls of construction-grade polyethylene film instead of salvage covers?
• What is the vapor density of air?
• Which of the following ways to organize an incident involves breaking down the overall strategy into a series of smaller tasks?
• What component does a Halligan tool feature alongside a sharp pick and a flat prying surface?
• Which responsibility belongs to the lieutenant during a shift?
• What is the primary function of a fire blanket?
• At the scene of a fire, a pump operator uses the difference between two types of pressure to determine how many more attack lines or appliances could be operated from the available water supply. What are these two types of pressure?
• What type of extinguishing method is primarily used with water?
• What is it called when an engine secures to a hydrant on the way in and lays supply line until it reaches its attack position?
• Which material is commonly used in making firefighter personal protective equipment?
• Buildings under construction or demolition can present which of the following in comparison to a completed building?
• Which fire extinguisher class is suitable for electrical fires?
• Curved roofs are typically supported by:
• What is the board to which firefighter personnel accountability tags are attached sometimes called?
• What is used to connect individual sections of hose together to extend their length?
• What should firefighters do to avoid water hammer?
• Which advanced technology is particularly beneficial during overhaul operations?
• What should be used to prevent damage to a rope when hoisting tools over rough edges?
• What should telecommunicators do if a caller becomes argumentative or begins shouting?
• During which phase should firefighters be wary of potential hazards related to arson?
• What is the purpose of the fire tetrahedron?
• What is developed to provide specific information about the actions that should be taken to accomplish a certain task?
• Which type of construction is classified as heavy timber?
• What is the rule regarding firefighter seat belt use while en route to an emergency call?
• What is the term for a short (two-to-four foot) pike pole designed for use in tight spaces?
• In which situation would the blanket drag technique be favored over other drag methods?
• What is one disadvantage of CO2 extinguishers?
• Which hazard category is represented by woodworking shops, service or repair facilities for cars, and cooking areas with deep fryers?
• What type of fire extinguisher is recommended for use on combustible metals?
• What is the weight limit, in pounds, that most ground ladders can support?
• What type of fire is characterized by combustible metals?
• What type of fire extinguisher is appropriate for electrical fires?
• What is a primary consideration when conducting an overhaul operation?
• Why should rope be protected from prolonged exposure to sunlight?
• What helps to support the victim's head and neck during a webbing sling drag?
• What is one example of a pry or spread tool?
• What are the components mixed to create mortar?
• What effect does placing wire in tempered glass have on it under fire conditions?
• Which of the following is true about a shelter-in-place?
• Which catastrophic fire, even bigger than the Great Chicago Fire, caused seven times the loss of life and jumped sixty miles across the Green Bay?
• How is the activity of freelancing regarded?
• Which type of valve is used on nozzles?
• What is the rule of thumb relating smoke movement to fire temperature?
• Which firefighting equipment is essential for protecting firefighters from high heat conditions?
• In which stage of a fire has all of the available fuel and/or oxygen been consumed and active flaming has decreased or stopped?
• Which tool is used to tighten or loosen hose couplings?
• Which kind of surface area do fine fuels have relative to their volume?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 1500 gpm and higher?
• When should fire fighters don their PPE?
• Which tool is sometimes used to tighten hard suction hose connections?
• What does 'occupancy' refer to in the context of fire safety?
• What is the four-sided geometric figure used to represent the four necessary elements required for a self-sustaining fire?
• What is a primary function of a roof ladder?
• What key factor should be assessed before entering a structure on fire?
• Which type of extinguishing agent should be used on electrical equipment fires?
• During which search method does an officer stay outside the search room?
• Structural firefighting PPE is designed to be worn with which specific piece of equipment?
• Before opening doors or exiting apparatuses, fire fighters should check for what?
• Which protocol should be followed when a firefighter is exposed to infectious materials?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing less than 500 gpm?
• What is the primary hazard associated with a backdraft?
• Which radio language is used to report a fire fighter in trouble and requiring immediate assistance?
• Turbulent smoke is an indication of what occurring soon?
• While the danger of firefighting should never be overlooked, what must a firefighter learn to do routinely?
• Which of the following can be used to aid in the coupling and uncoupling of hose?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a burning trashcan beside a wood fire?
• Which technique can fire fighters use to limit smoke damage?
• What is one disadvantage of CO2 extinguishers compared to other extinguishers?
• What can be added to water extinguishers to reduce water's surface tension for extinguishing certain fuels?
• After removing caps from a fire department connection, a fire fighter should:
• What danger is suggested by the observation of smoke puffing in and out of a structure?
• What is a good source of information for rescuers to identify building layouts, stairways, and exits?
• What is the primary goal during a fire rescue operation?
• When rescuing a conscious person from a window using a ladder, where does the second firefighter stand?
• What type of glass is commonly found in most sliding doors?
• Can a thermal imaging device detect a person in complete darkness?
• What is a primary concern when using a fog stream?
• Which extinguishing agent will not conduct electricity?
• What does the A stand for in CAD?
• After company officers carry out a PAR, what is the next step they should take?
• What is the correct definition of combustible materials in fire safety?
• In which position should an axe be raised?
• A Type III building is characterized by what specific fire load?
• What is a hazard that must be considered when attacking a Class C fire?
• Which of the following is a key attribute of smoke?
• Which other tool(s) is/are needed, if any, with a K-tool?
• What type of valve is commonly found in a dry-barrel hydrant?
• One of the two primary methods for a direct attack on a wildland fire is the flanking attack. What is another?
• What can be used to aid in extinguishment of smoldering fires in tightly packed combustible materials?
• What describes the condition where smoke remains close to the ground in cool, damp weather?
• What does "overhaul" mean in firefighting terminology?
• Which chemical is most widely used for fire suppression?
• What is the main advantage of elevated water storage towers in firefighting?
• What is the usual method of choice for drying ropes?
• Which family of knots is used to attach a rope around an object?
• Which of the following smoke colors would indicate a hot fire that has traveled some distance?
• What is one aspect of high-rise fires that is especially draining of energy?
• Surface fuels are involved in which type of fire?
• What is the typical height of a fire hydrant above ground?
• Why is it important to know the fire classification of materials?
• What characteristic makes an extinguishing agent suitable for fighting Class C fires?
• What is the last step in rolling a straight hose roll?
• What is the name of the device that interrupts the current when there is a problem with an electrical ground?
• What are electrolytes?
• Rollover is a sign that _______ is imminent unless actions are taken to change the fire conditions.
• Which class of fire involves combustible liquids?
• With a pry bar, the bar acts as a ________ to multiply the amount of force the person could otherwise apply.
• How does the fire fighter move when performing the fire fighter drag?
• What is the ideal number of firefighters in a hose line crew?
• How high up do fuels need to be considered aerial fuels?
• Which organization focuses on reducing the number of injuries and deaths during hazardous materials incidents?
• What is one piece of modern equipment that uses infrared technology to enable fire fighters to find objects giving off a heat signature?
• What is the danger of placing the butt of a ladder too close to the side of a building while people climb it?
• Studies show that many vehicle crashes involving emergency vehicles occur:
• Which term is used to refer to the volume of water being moved through a pipe or hose?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire blanket?
• What is one ever-present danger during salvage operations?
• What is the best method for securing a ladder?
• What is the primary use of a Halligan tool in firefighting?
• What property of a building material may lead to a reduction in its strength at elevated temperatures?
• When a building does not entirely fit into one of the five construction types, it is said to be?
• What happens to the personnel accountability passports at the scene of an incident?
• Why can dry chemical extinguishers be effectively used on Class C fires?
• What is the best practice for storing ropes?
• In fire dynamics, what does the term 'fire tetrahedron' refer to?
• What is the maximum length of extension ladders that the two-fire fighter shoulder carry is generally used with?
• What is the approximate critical temperature for a flashover to occur?
• What does a hose adaptor do?
• Why is it necessary to limit how low an elevation angle a portable monitor device can be set to?
• During firefighting activity, in approximately which time frame can a firefighter lose 2 quarts of fluid?
• How does being well-rested affect endurance compared to being tired?
• Which construction type is known for its non-combustible materials?
• Smoke coming from cracks in walls and peeling or bubbling paint are indicators of a possible:
• In what condition is water most effective for fire suppression?
• What is the main purpose of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)?
• What does the O stand for in SOP?
• Webbing, though not actually a type of rope, can be used for:
• How many gallons of water do most backpack pump extinguishers hold?
• How often are cylinders constructed of composite materials required to be hydrostatically tested?
• What is the top end of the capacity range, in gallons, of typical portable water tanks?
• What is one required feature of structural firefighting boots?
• What kind of firefighting technique involves using water in a sweep motion to knock down flames?
• During an emergency response, what is crucial to establishing team accountability?
• Up to how many gallons per minute can a portable pump deliver?
• What does the P stand for in GPS?
• What is the main purpose of an SCBA?
• Small handlines are those up to ___ inch(es) in diameter.
• What is it called when fans or other powered equipment are used to exhaust heat and smoke or to introduce clean air?
• When rescuing an unconscious victim from a window, how many firefighters enter the window to assist the victim?
• What is the primary function of a fire hose?
• What is one cause of bloating?
• What is the primary goal of a firefighter during structural firefighting?
• Which firefighting technique is primarily used to reduce heat and smoke during a structure fire?
• At least one member of every interior firefighting team should be equipped with this specific instrument for communication:
• Research has shown that wind as low as what speed can create wind-driven fire conditions?
• What state must a fuel be in for combustion to occur?
• What represents how heat transfers through building materials?
• What is the term for that part of a rope used for forming a knot?
• Which hose load is best suited for one- or two-story single-family dwellings?
• What is the term for an open space within a wall where wires and pipes can run?
• Which type of saw is categorized alongside hacksaws and carpenter's handsaws?
• Which term means that a fire company arrives at a fire together, works together, and then leaves together?
• Modern wood-frame construction uses a technique that builds one floor at a time. What is this technique called?
• What is a common way to protect an exposed area during fire exposure?
• What is the intent of an indirect fire attack?
• In which condition should the fuel tanks on power tools be left when not in use?
• What is the primary use of a rotary saw in firefighting?
• Which form of communication is essential for effective fireground operations?
• What is the main purpose of using a thermal imager during a fire scene?
• If there are no lives to be saved but there is a reasonable expectation that property can be saved, can fire fighters be committed to an interior attack?
• What is an important factor in determining the effectiveness of a fire investigation?
• What kind of energy is associated with water that is pressurized in a system?
• What is the estimated percentage of the United States that does not have access to a type of 9-1-1?
• Once a firefighter loses an initial two quarts of water, how long will it take for the body to recover?
• What type of PPE should be used when exposed to hazardous materials?
• How is the length of bolt cutter handles related to the cutting force that can be applied?
• When should a fire extinguisher be inspected?
• Whose responsibility is it to request rehabilitation services?
• What is the term for an area of unburned land surrounded by burned land?
• How can brick veneer siding be identified by firefighters?
• What residue, if any, does a CO2 fire extinguisher leave when discharged?
• What is the primary function of a Halligan tool?
• Besides putting out incipient fires, what is another use for portable fire extinguishers?
• How much can PPE weigh?
• What is the very top of a ladder called?
• What do color codes on the bonnet of a hydrant indicate?
• Which condition is the victim in when the exit assist is appropriate?
• Which phrase indicates an imminent fire-ground hazard, such as a structural collapse?
• A Class B extinguisher with a rating of 40-B would be expected to extinguish which size flammable liquid surface fire when used by a non-expert?
• Failure of a steel structure is dependent on three factors, including the mass of the steel components, and the loads placed upon them. What is one of these factors?
• Overhaul can only begin when a certain benchmark has been reached. What is this benchmark?
• What does the F stand for in LFL?
• What is the primary purpose of a personal protective equipment (PPE) ensemble for firefighters?
• What personal safety equipment is essential for a firefighter before starting operations at a fire scene?
• Which hose load has the hose placed around the perimeter of the hose bed in a U shape?
• What is the maximum capacity, in gallons, of typical portable water tanks?
• What is the primary goal of ventilation during firefighting operations?
• What should firefighters do if they find something suspicious during overhaul that suggests arson?
• Which type of saw is specifically designed for cutting curves in wood?
• What does the D stand for in CAD?
• What is one limitation of backpack water vacuums?
• What is another term for the rank of driver/operator?
• Which type of system(s) do fire departments use to dispatch to the units?
• Where does the victim's arm go in the one-person walking assist?
• What is the term for finishing a knot by tightening and removing twists, kinks, and slack from the rope?
• What is the term for keeping a ladder from slipping by applying one's weight to the underside of it?
• Which NFPA standard covers protective clothing and equipment for wildland firefighting?
• What is the first step in doffing PPE?
• What does PASS stand for in firefighting safety equipment usage?
• For radio communication, the National Incident Management System recommends the use of:
• Which of the following is an acceptable method of extinguishing a Dumpster fire?
• What is another term for fire point?
• What is the term for the amount of pressure in a water distribution system during normal consumption?
• How can recirculation be eliminated during smoke ejection?
• When using the clothes drag, what, if anything, supports the victim's head?
• What is the term for the transfer of heat to and through one solid to another?
• Which test evaluates the structural strength of a ladder?
• Which type of nozzle moves more air and is therefore more likely to disrupt the thermal balance?
• From which end of the rope can a clove hitch accept tension without coming untied?
• What is the hose lay called where the hose is extended from the fire to the hydrant?
• Why should fire fighters conduct a size-up before an operation?
• How strong is tempered glass compared to regular glass?
• What indicates that a fire is approaching backdraft conditions?
• What should firefighters wear in smoky conditions for safety?
• How should a pike pole be hoisted?
• What is the primary aim of fire prevention?
• What does the term "flashover" refer to in firefighting?
• What is the source of almost all naturally caused wildland and ground fires?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire blanket?
• Which function does the hose liner of a jacketed fire hose serve?
• What extinguishing method is used when a foam blanket is placed over a burning liquid?
• What should firefighters prioritize when there's a feasible chance of saving property?
• Which feature do most water systems have that allows them to supply water under pressure even if pumps fail temporarily?
• In an unconscious victim ladder rescue, in which orientation are the fire fighter and victim?
• What must go on the end of the suction hose before it is placed in a portable tank for drafting?
• Which knot is used to keep the hoisting rope aligned with the handle of a tool being hoisted?
• How long should it take a firefighter to don and activate an SCBA?
• How much potential time can a solid-core door provide for fire containment when closed?
• Which system is employed to enhance the range of hand-held portable radios?
• What is the term for construction with exterior wall studs that run continuously from the basement to the roof?
• What term is used for a fire fighter trained in specialized rescue situations like structural collapse?
• When making louver cuts, what is used as a fulcrum to make the louvered openings?
• How is the numerical rating decided for Class K portable fire extinguishers?
• What are the priorities used as a basis for assignment of search teams?
• What is generally considered the upper limit of span of control?
• What are the irons?
• In which situation may a fire officer refer a department member to an Employee Assistance Program?
• When is it essential to utilize a personal flotation device (PFD) in firefighting operations?
• Smoke alarms should be tested how often?
• When donning SCBA, what is the minimum percentage of air capacity that should be in the cylinder?
• What is an important feature of a fire extinguisher?
• What can be used on a wildland or ground cover fire to absorb the fire's heat and break down, cooling the fuel?
• What is one advantage that synthetic fibers have over natural fibers in rope construction?
• How should objects that can be safely picked up be extinguished during overhaul?
• What knot is used to secure a rope to a round object like a tree?
• What is the most efficient method for removing an unconscious or unresponsive victim from a dangerous location?
• When initiating a Mayday, the acronym LUNAR is used to provide pertinent information. What does the "L" represent?
• Which type of drag provides a faster removal from a dangerous area than some other drags?
• What is the term for the weather-resistant surface of a roof?
• What are the fans that are used in negative-pressure ventilation called?
• Select the true statement about masonry materials.
• Which type of cutting blade is susceptible to damage from gasoline vapors?
• During extrication, what tool is commonly used to stabilize a vehicle?
• Where is a missing child typically most likely to be found during a fire?
• What is the quickest way to force entry through a security roll-up door?
• What is a common consequence of using a ladder that is too short for the task?
• What inspection should be done on hydrants to ensure they function properly?
• Which method of fire extinguishment is most commonly used during overhaul of wildland and ground cover fires?
• What is the signal to the Incident Commander that the secondary search has been completed?
• Generally speaking, how many gallons per minute does a 2 ½" fire hose line flow?
• What is the primary role of a safety officer at an incident scene?
• When using search ropes, where should they be anchored?
• At which nozzle pressure is a smooth-bore nozzle designed to operate?
• There are three types of wood swinging doors: slab, ledge, and:
• It has been shown that under great pressure, most people will revert to:
• Hearing protection worn on responding apparatus often has a feature that enhances conversation among responding firefighters. What is this feature?
• Where is it especially important to keep fire extinguishers in homes?
• What is the primary function of the 'fly' section of an extension ladder?
• How should a firefighter advance an attack line down a stairway?
• Which class of fire involves combustible metals?
• In fire service, what is a primary use of a hand line?
• What are the priorities used as a basis for assignment of search teams?
• Which NFPA standard sets the minimum performance standards for apparatus referred to as either "aerial ladders" or "elevating platforms"?
• Forcible entry tools can be grouped into several categories. What is one?
• Why is the use of halon agents strictly controlled?
• What is the normal percentage of oxygen in the air?
• With wind changes, a wildland fire can develop a long, narrow extension that projects out from the head of the fire. What is this extension called?
• Which type of company is usually responsible for rescuing victims from fires, confined spaces, trenches, and high-angle situations?
• What is the term for those plastics that will melt under fire conditions?
• How hard is it to locate and extinguish burning subsurface fuels?
• A radio channel that transmits and receives signals on the same frequency is a:
• What is the smallest unit of matter?
• What symbols are used in the classification system for fire extinguishers?
• What is a type of safety knot?
• How should firefighters approach a vehicle fire?
• Which hazard category is represented by auto showrooms, parking garages, and retail stores?
• How soon after a traumatic call should CISD be held?
• Why must ground ladders be cleaned periodically even if not used at a scene?
• If individual sprinkler heads cannot be shut off, what should be done to stop the flow of water?
• What does the primary search prioritize during an emergency response?
• Why should firefighters make sure their PPE is dry before engaging in structural firefighting?
• What is one specialty tool used for dragging heavy objects?
• What is the safest and surest way to extinguish a Class C fire?
• What is gypsum board commonly used for?
• Which specific piece of equipment must be worn with structural firefighting PPE and SCBA?
• Which of the following best describes the role of a fire lookout?
• What is the primary purpose of a hose jacket?
• What potential hazard is indicated by the discovery of pitched or sagging doors during overhaul?
• What should be considered during the risk assessment on the fireground?
• All fires require three basic ingredients, one of which is fuel. What is another?
• Which class of fire is most effectively combated using water-based extinguishers?
• Which class of fire involves combustible cooking oils and fats?
• Bromochlorodifluoromethane should be recognized by firefighters as which type of extinguishing agent?
• When smoke rises after opening a door and fresh air is pulled in, the fire is likely located on which level?
• Which is an example of a debris-removal tool used during overhaul?
• Which kind of analysis is it when the IC weighs the potential danger to fire fighters against the likelihood of saving someone inside?
• A PASS device can be set off manually or will go off automatically under which circumstances?
• Fire fighters wearing fully encapsulated suits must be carefully monitored for symptoms of:
• What is the term used for the top part of a fire hydrant?
• What is the correct term for a radio system permanently mounted in a building?
• What is a key feature of the pry axe?
• What is one firefighting task that would make it especially important to have the utilities controlled?
• What is another word for aerial fuels?
• Which description best fits a hose jacket?
• Which agency regulates the design, installation, and operation of two-way radio systems?
• What safety equipment is used to protect firefighters from heat and flames?
• What is the design function of hard suction hose?
• In which type of operation are large handlines and master streams more often used?
• Fires in modern structures tend to reach flashover ________ than in older structures.
• How are sprinkler control valves usually locked in the open position?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 1000-1499 gpm?
• The strength of a truss depends on both its members and the _____________ between them.
• What type of PPE is essential for firefighters when entering a hazardous environment?
• What is the term for the process of reducing the effects of fatigue during an emergency operation?
• How much water should firefighters drink for every 5 to 10 minutes of physical exertion?
• What is the primary reason for conducting a scene size-up in firefighting?
• Do HVAC systems typically help or hinder ventilation operations?
• Where is a missing child most likely to be found during a fire?
• What action should be taken if a fire fighter is found freelancing on scene?
• What safety equipment is critical for protecting firefighters in hazardous environments?
• On which type of fires was rehabilitation first used extensively?
• What is the term for high-volume, high-velocity, turbulent, ultradense black smoke?
• What type of fire extinguisher is specifically designed for oil and flammable liquids?
• What is the focus of community risk reduction (CRR) strategies in firefighting?
• Which class of fire involves combustible metals?
• Which type of fire suppression involves cooling the fuel source?
• What is one attractive feature of the firefighter drag?
• What is the NFPA standard on station/work uniforms?
• What type of heat transfer involves the flow of gases or fluid from hotter to cooler areas?
• Which type of cooling is being performed when something cool is placed on the firefighter, such as cool wet towels?
• What type of fire extinguisher is best for combustible metal fires?
• During a standard search, if the room is large, it may be necessary for rescuers to:
• What is the interface that exists at a vent, such as a doorway or window opening?
• Which roof type is generally found in commercial structures for large open spans?
• Why should lighting be used on the fire scene?
• What is the term for water-soluble flammable liquids such as alcohols, acetone, and others?
• What is the correct response when a firefighter experiences a near-miss incident?
• When carrying a straight ladder, which end should be facing forward?
• What is one of the first actions to take when arriving at an emergency scene?
• What is a key characteristic of a building with a steel frame during a fire?
• What can be a consequence of not fully extending an extension ladder before use?
• Which characteristic is vital for structural materials used in firefighting?
• How is natural gas primarily delivered?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a flame and gasoline can?
• What is the key element necessary for a fire to sustain itself, besides fuel and oxygen?
• What is the purpose of a fire department connection (FDC)?
• In the five steps of receiving and dispatching emergency calls, the first step is call receipt. What is the second step?
• Which type of fire extinguisher is specifically used for electrical fires?
• Which factor significantly impacts a firefighter's level of endurance?
• What should firefighters do with their PPE in rehabilitation?
• Generally, the life risk in residential occupancies is higher during which time period?
• What is the primary purpose of fire hydrants?
• What is another term for head pressure?
• How can rapid fire growth be prevented?
• Why would a fire extinguisher class icon have a red diagonal line through it?
• A rapid intervention company/crew can perform:
• Which of the following tools combines a blade, a pick, and a claw?
• When filling an SCBA cylinder from a cascade system, what must a firefighter ensure?
• Which part of the structural firefighting PPE is designed to protect the neck and ears?
• How often should ground ladders be visually inspected?
• What is the primary focus of initial fireground operations?
• What is the primary function of a fire hydrant?
• Which type of carbohydrates are found in whole-grain breads, whole-grain pasta, rice, and vegetables?
• Which type of hose couplings are the same and do not have male or female ends?
• What is the most effective technique for removing an unconscious victim from a hazardous area?
• What is one of the primary uses of portable fire extinguishers?
• When water is moving, it has a combination of both potential energy and what?
• What is the term used to describe the building component that transfers the weight of the building and its contents to the ground?
• Which type of fuel is ground duff?
• What is the purpose of the heel of a ladder?
• The NFPA defines Wildland fires as unplanned and uncontrolled fires burning in _____________ fuel.
• What is the term used to describe the crosspiece that spans the two beams of a ladder?
• What is one basic method for staying oriented inside a low-visibility environment?
• What are the wrenches called that are used to tighten and loosen hose couplings?
• Which method is primarily utilized for controlling fire spread in a smoke-filled environment?
• In which type of building can a fire extend directly from the basement to the attic without any obvious signs on any other floor?
• When a ladder is placed at the correct angle for climbing, what is the ratio of ladder height (vertical reach) to distance of the butt of the ladder from the building?
• What is the term for the top of a hydrant?
• At which types of emergency incidents should Incident Command System (ICS) be implemented?
• What should be done with the excess halyard before tying it off once an extension ladder is placed and extended?
• What is the term for the condition in which air fills the stomach?
• What should company officers do when the IC requests a PAR?
• A standard approach to risk-benefit analysis should be incorporated into _________ for all fire departments.
• What is one nonintuitive use for a fog stream besides putting water on a fire?
• What action is crucial when performing a secondary search in a fire situation?
• What percentage of emergency calls to 9-1-1 do some communities estimate originate from cell phones?
• Which scenario requires a defensive attack strategy?
• Friction loss is affected by three factors. What is one of those?
• When responding to domestic disputes or other scenes involving violence, what should fire fighters do?
• What is a drawback of the two-person seat carry?
• Where was the first fire insurance company formed in America?
• What must a firefighter securing hose to the hydrant on a forward (straight) lay remember to avoid?
• How should firefighters recognize utility rope?
• Which kind of loop does a figure eight on a bight create?
• In an indirect fire attack, where is the water directed?
• Which type of rule is developed by various government or government-authorized organizations to implement a law that has been passed by a government body?
• Which type of glass is normally used in side and rear windows in automobiles and commercial doors?
• When using a ladder, what is the safest method for applying hose lines?
• What secures the hose on the self-locking twin-doughnut hose roll?
• How much of a firefighter's body heat does PPE allow to be transferred outside of the protective envelope?
• Which action is crucial when advancing a charged hose line?
• Which of the following is a common method for carrying a victim during rescue operations?
• What, if anything, happens to the relative humidity as the temperature warms up during the day?
• Which fire extinguisher class is suitable for electrical fires?
• During forcible entry, who determines the point of entry and method to be used?
• Which NFPA Standard contains a complete list of qualifications for telecommunicators?
• When should operating sprinklers at a fire be shut down?
• What can be a result of failing to secure a fire scene appropriately?
• When should firefighting PPE be cleaned?
• Fire helmets are equipped with an inner liner for added ________ protection.
• What is another term for a sheet bend?
• Which type of construction is referred to as ordinary construction?
• At a minimum, how much time should firefighters spend in physical fitness training on a daily basis?
• What can firefighters use as a last resort to protect themselves if being overrun by a wildland fire?
• What type of breathing apparatus is typically used by firefighters in hazardous environments?
• In Type I buildings, what is the only material that is certain to burn?
• What are TDD, TTY, and text phones?
• What device is used to monitor and display air pressure in SCBA equipment?
• What is a critical factor when determining the need for search and rescue operations?
• What type of building construction is defined as having structural components made of noncombustible materials?
• Firefighters who have consumed alcohol within the previous ______ hours should not be permitted to engage in training or emergency operations?
• Before beginning any forcible entry, which reminder phrase should fire fighters keep in mind?
• What is one of the most common technologies used in post-fire air monitoring and detection devices?
• What is a reason for avoiding the practice of painting tools?
• What is the primary purpose of the incident commander (IC) during an emergency response?
• What is one means of providing a secure work platform for firefighters working on a pitched roof?
• What creates mechanical energy?
• Type III construction is normally limited in height to what?
• What is considered the best approach to learn about the construction and features of a particular building?
• Which type of ventilation involves openings in roofs or floors so that heat, smoke, and toxic gases escape the structure in a vertical direction?
• During extended incidents, which type of nourishment should fire fighters have?
• What is the term for a rope that is intended to be used by a firefighter only for self-rescue situations?
• How high on a typical two-story building can a 24' - 28' ladder reach?
• Which type of adaptor is used to connect two female couplings to each other?
• What is one situation in which an obvious hazard is recognized and a standard solution is applied?
• Which adjunct equipment should be used when firefighters must search an area that is too big to cover while keeping contact with the perimeter walls?
• What can be used to quickly make a water chute?
• If only one or two sprinkler heads have been activated, which technique can quickly stop the flow while keeping the rest of the system operational during overhaul?
• What are gusset plates?
• What is the first step in developing a community risk reduction program?
• Can a free-hanging roof ladder, not on a roof but hanging just from its hooks, support the weight of fire fighters?
• Which fire hose has the purpose of delivering water from a source to an attack engine?
• When should firefighting teams communicate 'Mayday'?
• Which hose load allows a single firefighter to flake, or drop, one fold or loop at a time from their shoulder?
• Determining exactly which units to send to a call depends on the location of the incident and:
• The three types of factors that can ignite wildland and ground fires are natural, accidental, and:
• The volume in a structure that allows the movement of heat and smoke is known as what?
• Which type of system is it that keeps track of every company or team of fire fighters working at the scene of the incident from the time they arrive until the time they are released?
• If one member of a company needs rehabilitation, who else from the company goes, if anyone?
• What should you do if you find a knot that has become jammed?
• If a fire extinguisher containing ammonium phosphate is used on a Class K fire, what is a potential negative effect?
• What is used to prevent smoke and fire from spreading from floor to floor or via a vertical opening?
• When may a fire apparatus be driven over a downed power line?
• Which breathing technique is most recommended during strenuous firefighting activities?
• What are the smallest pipes in a water distribution system called?
• How would insurance companies keep track of which homes had purchased insurance in the early days in America?
• Which, if any, of the fire triangle elements is not needed for wildland fires to burn?
• During firefighting operations, what is the term for the area where equipment and personnel are staged?
• What is the term for the process of removing smoke, heat, and toxic gases from a building and replacing them with cooler, cleaner, more oxygen-enriched air?
• Which synthetic fiber is the lightest?
• Which indicator shows that a PIV is closed?
• Walls that provide structural support are known as:
• When a roof ladder is being carried, which end should be facing forward?
• What is the term for a fire that was thought to be extinguished but reignites after firefighters leave?
• Generally speaking, how many gallons per minute does a 1 ¾" fire hose line flow?
• What are the pipes called that deliver water from the treatment facility to the fire hydrants?
• What is the most common size of fire hose outlets on fire hydrants?
• What is the main role of a fire lookout?
• What does the R in the acronym R.I.C.E. stand for, used in emergency preparedness?
• What role does glucose play in metabolism during firefighting activities?
• What hazards do batteries present to fire fighters?
• For heat and products of combustion to exhaust during positive-pressure ventilation, where must there be an opening?
• What does the term 'flashover' refer to in firefighting?
• An indirect attack typically uses a straight or solid stream flowing ______ gpm?
• What is positive-pressure ventilation?
• What is the main purpose of using a personal accountability system at an incident scene?
• What is one of the primary roles of a fire officer on the scene of an incident?
• What comprises the guiding and directing of fire fighters to do what their fire department expects of them?
• What should firefighters check for prior to use when examining a ladder?
• What does SCBA stand for in firefighting terminology?
• What is another word for the point at which a material begins to burn?
• What is the eventual outcome of untreated dehydration?
• What is the function of a fire marshal in a community?
• What is another term for surface fuels?
• What is the primary purpose of fire hose testing?
• To force an outward-opening door, which part of the Halligan bar is inserted between the door and the frame?
• Why should fire fighters not place a foot in the rungs of an extension ladder while it is being raised?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire hydrant?
• Which tool has multiple applications including cutting and forcing open doors and windows, featuring an adze, a pick, and a claw?
• Which fire hose has the purpose of discharging water from an attack engine onto the fire?
• Why is a pocket dangerous for firefighters?
• What happens to concrete under extreme heat conditions?
• What is the most common method of extinguishing a fire?
• What does the term "thermal layering" refer to in firefighting?
• What is now considered a leading cause of death among firefighters due to synthetic products?
• Which technology can be used in detecting gas leaks during firefighting operations?
• What type of listening is needed by a telecommunicator to extract necessary information from a caller in distress?
• Which technique is needed to use a sprinkler wedge to stop an activated sprinkler?
• In a ladder rescue involving an unconscious victim, how are the firefighter and victim positioned?
• After cleaning, what is the anti-rust procedure for metal tools?
• What is the term for a temporary location that provides refuge while awaiting rescue or finding a method of self-rescue from an extremely hazardous situation?
• Is it ever appropriate to have two different types of fire extinguisher in the same area?
• With what can wood be impregnated to make it more difficult to ignite and slower burning?
• Which part of a ladder must not be exposed to solvents?
• Which of the following factors affects the behavior of building materials under fire conditions?
• What should the search and rescue plan identify in addition to areas and priorities to be searched?
• What is the primary role of the Incident Commander at an emergency scene?
• Which two pieces of information are required by the telecommunicator to initiate a response?
• What is the primary purpose of using full protective gear during firefighting operations?
• What should be done if a fire hydrant is found to be leaking?
• What type of fires does a Class A extinguisher typically fight?
• Which type of window is most similar to a jalousie?
• What is an important procedure when using a fire extinguisher?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire department's response plan?
• What should be done with smoldering mattresses to extinguish them during overhaul?
• What potential hazard exists if a firefighter were to strike a live electrical wire with an axe while opening a wall?
• In what directions does thermal radiation from a fire typically travel?
• What type of ladder raise is usually used when the ladder can be raised perpendicular to the target surface?
• What is a primary hazard faced by firefighters in wildland firefighting?
• Which firefighting technique involves utilizing both water and foam for maximum effectiveness?
• How many firefighters should ideally perform a ladder rescue?
• Which of the following national organizations develops U?
• What is one warning signal of possible backdraft conditions?
• Can cutting torches cut steel?
• Which fire suppression technique is most effective for large fires in open areas?
• In the context of firefighter rehabilitation, what is the significance of restoring the body's temperature?
• When is the two-person chair carry particularly useful?
• Which area of a vehicle fire should be extinguished first?
• When is utility rope used?
• Medical requirements for fire fighters are specified in which NFPA Standard?
• If one member of a firefighting team must leave a fire building, who should also leave?
• Where should a ventilation opening be placed for potential backdraft conditions?
• What should incoming calls without voice contact be checked for?
• Who can assist fire fighters on a fire in a transformer vault?
• When rescuing an unconscious child or small adult from a window, how many rescuers enter the window to assist the victim?
• In firefighting operations, how are the locations of hazardous materials typically documented?
• Wood framed doors come in two styles: rabbet and what?
• Which cancer-causing material do transformers contain?
• Which type of rope is known for its strength and is often used in rescue operations?
• When a roof is sounded, what is a positive result indicating that the roof is probably safe?
• Which method can be used to fix a small tear in a salvage cover?
• What is the primary purpose of a PASS device?
• Which of the following fire suppression agents is typically used to extinguish flammable liquid fires?
• What is the advantage of a grid design in a water main system?
• When one member of a fire company has to leave a structure to change an air cylinder, who else, if anyone, from the company exits, too?
• What is the most common synthetic fiber used in life safety rope?
• What type of ventilation is most effective in a structure fire?
• When should the firefighter attaching hose to the hydrant charge the supply line?
• What is the primary fuel that the body uses during high-intensity physical activities like firefighting?
• What qualifies a hammer as a mallet?
• What is the recommended way to clean synthetic ropes?
• Which part of the extension ladder is raised or extended from the bed section?
• When tying an open clove hitch to hoist an axe, where should the safety knot be tied?
• Which type of respiratory protection is normally used for wildland firefighting?
• Which hose line size is most frequently used for interior fire attack?
• An indirect attack is indicated when the temperature is increasing and it appears that ______ is about to happen.
• What must usually be done with a life safety rope that can no longer be used?
• Which of the following is considered an unacceptable practice in firefighting?
• What is the purpose of a fire department's function regarding fire investigations?
• What is the primary function of a fire blanket?
• What is the term for the kind of wrench that has a closed end and is used to tighten or loosen nuts or bolts?
• The lighting and power equipment used on an emergency scene generally operate at?
• In recent years, what is the reported proportion of firefighter suicides to line of duty deaths?
• What is the purpose of fire and life safety surveys in private dwellings?
• How should on-call volunteer firefighters assemble upon arrival at a fire?
• When setting up a smoke ejector in a window, where should it ideally be placed?
• What is one of the most frequently used hose line sizes for primary fire attack?
• The pressure in a system when no water is flowing is called?
• What are the two levels of fire fighter certification?
• What is the term for the location where a wildland or ground fire begins?
• Where is the rehabilitation center usually located at a high-rise fire?
• Which type of tool is a pick-head axe?
• A lake or stream is an example of a?
• How are fires and fire extinguishers grouped?
• What is the term that denotes Type II construction?
• What should firefighters do immediately upon exiting a hazardous area?
• Which component of the fire tetrahedron refers to physical reactions involving fuel?
• What type of core does a dynamic kernmantle rope have?
• Which traditional letter label is represented by a red square?
• Which type of breathing apparatus recycles the user's exhaled air?
• Which of the following statements is accurate regarding fire extinguishers?
• Do fire department vehicles usually carry portable fire extinguishers?
• What level of authority do safety officers possess on the fireground regarding unsafe activities?
• How much of the body is structural firefighting PPE designed to cover?
• Which of the following physical characteristics can have a negative effect on the user of an SCBA?
• What is a limitation of gasoline-powered portable pumps?
• What is the easiest, quickest, and often the most effective way to ventilate interior spaces in a building?
• In which state of matter does a product tend to expand indefinitely?
• What is used to extinguish most small fires with a light fuel load?
• In what manner should attack lines be loaded into the hose bed?
• What is one type of incident other than a fire that might impose a tremendous energy drain on firefighters?
• What shape should a forcible entry through a masonry block wall take?
• What is a sprinkler wedge used for?
• Which tool is commonly used to pry or lift objects during firefighting operations?
• Which feature in hydrant caps should be checked during routine inspections?
• Finally, what safety measure should be employed when entering a building known to have hazardous materials?
• From which material(s) can structural firefighting boots be constructed?
• Which of the following is considered a light hazard environment?
• What is the weight of carbon dioxide in comparison to air?
• Who is responsible for knowing the location of every member of a fire company?
• What style of leadership does the fire department primarily use?
• Which type of cooling is being performed when a firefighter removes PPE and enters a cooler environment?
• What type of foam is most effective for Class A fires?
• What does the acronym PASS stand for when operating a fire extinguisher?
• What is a common health concern for firefighters due to prolonged exposure to smoke and chemicals?
• Which type of ladder is designed for rescue operations and mounted on fire apparatus?
• What natural fiber rope was commonly used in older fire departments?
• What is the floor-to-floor height of a commercial building?
• What is a material that is prone to spall under fire conditions?
• Which is the next level up from lieutenant in the fire service?
• What is the benefit of conducting a proper size-up before engaging in firefighting operations?
• During emergency response, which type of call requires immediate action by firefighters?
• What is one characteristic of a fog stream?
• Who is responsible for coordinating the activities of several fire companies in a defined geographic area such as a station or district?
• Should each team of firefighters carry a portable radio?
• Which term describes the tendency of gases in an enclosed space to form in layers according to their temperature?
• What does the acronym PASS stand for when using a fire extinguisher?
• What is the primary method of extinguishing electrical fires?
• What would describe the appearance of a solid stream?
• What is negative-pressure ventilation?
• Among the different types of ventilation, which method is typically the easiest to utilize?
• What type of training is essential to maintain the skills of fire fighters regularly?
• What is the most common size of fire hose outlets on fire hydrants?
• The Team Search Method is also known as:
• What should the tiered assessment of fatigue include for firefighters?
• To what is the rate of combustion directly related, concerning wood?
• What is the name of the end of a hose bed that is closer to the front of the fire engine?
• Where are outside stem and yokes normally located?
• During a fire incident, what is the best way to maintain communication among team members?
• What is the process called when a material reaches its ignition temperature?
• What is the main role of a telecommunicator when handling emergency calls?
• Which term describes the manner in which a building is utilized?
• A RIC SOP should dictate what aspect regarding a Rapid Intervention Crew?
• What is the purpose of a thermal imaging camera in firefighting?
• When can utility rope be used in situations that require life safety rope?
• Which of the following is a significant factor in determining the suitability of a fire extinguisher?
• What type of fire is characterized by fast-moving flames and can spread quickly through grass and brush?
• What is a critical factor to consider when assessing the potential for a building collapse during firefighting operations?
• What is one disadvantage of using power saws instead of hand saws?
• What is one application for a rabbit tool?
• Which type of hose ranges in size from 3 ½ inches and above?
• Are fine fuels or heavy fuels affected more by changes in relative humidity?
• Which of the following is a common cause of fire in residential buildings?
• When referring to hose, what does the L stand for in LDH?
• What is the primary focus of a firefighter's physical fitness training?
• There are four primary types of rope in the fire service, each dedicated to a distinct function. What is one of the types?
• When assisting a conscious victim down a ladder, what can a firefighter do to maintain control of the victim's descent?
• What is the hose diameter, in inches, used by most fire departments to extinguish larger fires?
• A fire cannot be considered fully extinguished until _______ is complete.
• Class B fires can be extinguished by shutting off the supply of fuel or by what method?
• What is the purpose of the moisture barriers found in structural firefighting PPE?
• How are the firefighters arranged in the three-firefighter flat ladder carry?
• What is the primary role of a firefighter during an emergency response?
• What is the most common extinguishing agent for Class A fires?
• What is the Bam-Bam Tool primarily used for?
• Which type of building construction poses the highest risk of rapid fire spread?
• Which type of hose is commonly referred to as a small handline?
• Which gas is known to be particularly hazardous due to its flammability and can result from improperly stored materials?
• What relationship is there, if any, between the relative humidity and the dryness of the vegetative fuels in an area?
• What is one problem with using doorways as ventilation openings?
• Which type of search is conducted after the scene is under control and is thorough?
• What is one technique that can be used by a single firefighter to spread a salvage cover?
• The NFPA 704 placard indicates the presence of hazardous materials. Which shape is this placard?
• When inspecting a kernmantle rope, what finding should alert fire fighters to possible damage in the rope?
• What is the construction feature called in which there are vertical channels in the exterior walls from foundation to attic, allowing rapid, unchecked vertical fire spread?
• Why might some people remain reluctant to use the 9-1-1 system and prefer to dial the old 7-digit number instead?
• Hydrants should be checked periodically. What is the minimum acceptable interval between such checks?
• What is the term for a small opening that allows better tool access in forcible entry?
• What is the function of a standpipe system?
• What does the A stand for in PSAP?
• Which rank in the fire service is usually responsible for one fire company on a particular shift?
• Which type of nozzle is used to fight fires in inaccessible places such as attics and basements?
• Under which circumstances should master stream devices be directed into buildings where firefighters are operating inside?
• When rescuing a large adult from a window, where should the tips of the two ladders be placed?
• During an emergency, who ultimately has the authority to manage the scene?
• What is the purpose of a fire department connection on a sprinkler system?
• What is the primary role of an incident commander?
• How, if at all, is rehabilitation related to the overall emergency effort?
• What is one common method used to attach individual firefighters' personnel accountability tags to the board on the apparatus?
• During which stage of a fire is the maximum heat release rate achieved?
• What is a common synthetic fiber used for life safety ropes?
• What percentage of firefighter deaths in the United States occur on the fireground?
• Which of the following is essential to ensure safety during fire emergencies?
• What is the more general term for a lieutenant or captain in charge of a single apparatus and the firefighters assigned to it on a given shift?
• What is the vapor density of gasoline?
• What is an appropriate unit of measure for reporting water pressure?
• Which knot feature is formed by making a circle in a rope?
• According to the applicable NFPA standard, how often must fire fighters have their SCBA face pieces fit-tested?
• What is the primary purpose of conducting a secondary search after a fire is deemed extinguished?
• The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and:
• Which type of detergent, if any, should be used on ropes?
• How many gallons of water are contained in a Class A fire extinguisher with a numerical rating of 2?
• What is the term for one of the two main structural components that run the entire length of most ladders or ladder sections?
• What is the maximum distance that the working hose drag is typically recommended for?
• What tool is commonly used for lock removal in forcible entry situations?
• When raising ladders, what is the minimum distance they should be kept from power lines?
• When is a water shuttle appropriate?
• A good way to determine the personal air usage rate is through?
• How close must a fire engine be to a static water source in order to be able to draft directly from it?
• How is the density of wood related to its ease of ignition?
• Which type of rescue involves an individual who is trapped or immobilized due to hazardous conditions?
• What is the primary consideration when deciding the placement of fire suppression personnel?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a flame and an electrical plug and socket?
• Which of the following is NOT a class of fire defined by the NFPA?
• What should fire fighters wear for safety while working at a highway incident scene?
• When rescuing an unconscious victim from a window, how many firefighters enter the window to assist the victim?